Middle East and North Africa
29/126
1/15
6.562
Israel’s IPRI score increased by 0.254 to 6.562 placing it 1st in the Middle East and North Africa region and 29th in the world. Israel is classified by the IMF as part of the Advanced economies group and by the World Bank as High income country.
Israel’s Legal and Political Subindex decreased by -0.079 to 5.215 with scores of in Judicial Independence, 6.568 in Rule of Law, 2.418 in Political Stability, and 6.659 in Control of Corruption.
Israel’s Physical Property Rights Subindex increased by 0.783 to 7.567 with scores of 8.333 in perception of Property Rights Protection, data wasn't available to measure Registering Property, and 6.8 in Ease of Access to Loans.
Israel’s Intellectual Property Rights Subindex increased by 0.059 to 6.906 with scores of 7.602 in perception of Intellectual Property Protection, 6.6 in Patent Protection, 6.614 in Copyright Protection, and 6.808 in Trademark Protection.
Israel is a member of the following regional integration agreements
- OECD
Israel - IPRI Overall Score
Israel - IPRI Overall Score
- 1: IPRI
- 2: Legal and Political Subindex
- 3. Judicial Independence
- 4. Rule of Law
- 5. Control of Corruption
- 6. Political Stability
- 7. Physical Property Rights Subindex
- 8. Property Rights Protection
- 9. Registering Property
- 10. Ease of Access to Loans
- 11. Intellectual Property Rights Subindex
- 12. Intellectual Property Rights
- 13. Patent Protection
- 14. Copyright Protection
- 15. Trademark Protection
Israel - IPRI Overall Score
| Statistic | Score | Global | Region | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 6.025 | 23 | 1 | 2007 |
| Overall | 6.000 | 24 | 1 | 2008 |
| Overall | 6.527 | 30 | 2 | 2009 |
| Overall | 6.331 | 36 | 4 | 2010 |
| Overall | 6.300 | 38 | 6 | 2011 |
| Overall | 6.600 | 31 | 4 | 2012 |
| Overall | 6.700 | 30 | 3 | 2013 |
| Overall | 6.500 | 28 | 1 | 2014 |
| Overall | 6.242 | 32 | 3 | 2015 |
| Overall | 6.410 | 32 | 3 | 2016 |
| Overall | 6.974 | 27 | 3 | 2017 |
| Overall | 7.130 | 26 | 3 | 2018 |
| Overall | 7.181 | 24 | 2 | 2019 |
| Overall | 7.120 | 25 | 2 | 2020 |
| Overall | 6.926 | 25 | 2 | 2021 |
| Overall | 6.635 | 25 | 2 | 2022 |
| Overall | 6.388 | 25 | 1 | 2023 |
| Overall | 6.308 | 29 | 2 | 2024 |
| Overall | 6.562 | 29 | 1 | 2025 |
| Legal and Political | 5.948 | 23 | 1 | 2007 |
| Legal and Political | 5.900 | 25 | 1 | 2008 |
| Legal and Political | 5.986 | 38 | 4 | 2009 |
| Legal and Political | 5.898 | 42 | 5 | 2010 |
| Legal and Political | 6.100 | 41 | 5 | 2011 |
| Legal and Political | 6.000 | 41 | 5 | 2012 |
| Legal and Political | 6.100 | 41 | 4 | 2013 |
| Legal and Political | 6.150 | 33 | 1 | 2014 |
| Legal and Political | 6.089 | 35 | 3 | 2015 |
| Legal and Political | 6.197 | 36 | 3 | 2016 |
| Legal and Political | 6.399 | 34 | 3 | 2017 |
| Legal and Political | 6.575 | 30 | 3 | 2018 |
| Legal and Political | 6.383 | 34 | 4 | 2019 |
| Legal and Political | 6.251 | 38 | 4 | 2020 |
| Legal and Political | 6.292 | 35 | 4 | 2021 |
| Legal and Political | 6.094 | 40 | 4 | 2022 |
| Legal and Political | 5.532 | 47 | 4 | 2023 |
| Legal and Political | 5.294 | 48 | 4 | 2024 |
| Legal and Political | 5.215 | 53 | 8 | 2025 |
| Physical | 5.550 | 33 | 2 | 2007 |
| Physical | 5.500 | 36 | 2 | 2008 |
| Physical | 6.598 | 39 | 5 | 2009 |
| Physical | 6.155 | 51 | 9 | 2010 |
| Physical | 5.900 | 73 | 12 | 2011 |
| Physical | 6.500 | 47 | 9 | 2012 |
| Physical | 6.700 | 40 | 7 | 2013 |
| Physical | 6.500 | 44 | 3 | 2014 |
| Physical | 5.682 | 65 | 9 | 2015 |
| Physical | 5.815 | 62 | 9 | 2016 |
| Physical | 6.888 | 41 | 7 | 2017 |
| Physical | 7.082 | 36 | 7 | 2018 |
| Physical | 7.512 | 27 | 5 | 2019 |
| Physical | 7.501 | 26 | 6 | 2020 |
| Physical | 7.459 | 26 | 6 | 2021 |
| Physical | 6.784 | 26 | 6 | 2022 |
| Physical | 6.784 | 26 | 6 | 2023 |
| Physical | 6.784 | 26 | 6 | 2024 |
| Physical | 7.567 | 20 | 1 | 2025 |
| Intellectual | 6.577 | 22 | 1 | 2007 |
| Intellectual | 6.600 | 22 | 1 | 2008 |
| Intellectual | 6.998 | 22 | 1 | 2009 |
| Intellectual | 6.939 | 25 | 1 | 2010 |
| Intellectual | 7.000 | 23 | 1 | 2011 |
| Intellectual | 7.300 | 21 | 1 | 2012 |
| Intellectual | 7.300 | 21 | 1 | 2013 |
| Intellectual | 7.150 | 21 | 1 | 2014 |
| Intellectual | 6.956 | 22 | 1 | 2015 |
| Intellectual | 7.219 | 21 | 1 | 2016 |
| Intellectual | 7.635 | 20 | 1 | 2017 |
| Intellectual | 7.733 | 20 | 1 | 2018 |
| Intellectual | 7.647 | 20 | 1 | 2019 |
| Intellectual | 7.606 | 20 | 1 | 2020 |
| Intellectual | 7.027 | 19 | 1 | 2021 |
| Intellectual | 7.027 | 19 | 1 | 2022 |
| Intellectual | 6.847 | 20 | 1 | 2023 |
| Intellectual | 6.847 | 20 | 1 | 2024 |
| Intellectual | 6.906 | 18 | 1 | 2025 |
| Statistic | Score | Global | Region | Year |
Israel - Legal and Political Environment
| Statistic | Score | Global | Region | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 5.948 | 23 | 1 | 2007 |
| Overall | 5.900 | 25 | 1 | 2008 |
| Overall | 5.986 | 38 | 4 | 2009 |
| Overall | 5.898 | 42 | 5 | 2010 |
| Overall | 6.100 | 41 | 5 | 2011 |
| Overall | 6.000 | 41 | 5 | 2012 |
| Overall | 6.100 | 41 | 4 | 2013 |
| Overall | 6.150 | 33 | 1 | 2014 |
| Overall | 6.089 | 35 | 3 | 2015 |
| Overall | 6.197 | 36 | 3 | 2016 |
| Overall | 6.399 | 34 | 3 | 2017 |
| Overall | 6.575 | 30 | 3 | 2018 |
| Overall | 6.383 | 34 | 4 | 2019 |
| Overall | 6.251 | 38 | 4 | 2020 |
| Overall | 6.292 | 35 | 4 | 2021 |
| Overall | 6.094 | 40 | 4 | 2022 |
| Overall | 5.532 | 47 | 4 | 2023 |
| Overall | 5.294 | 48 | 4 | 2024 |
| Overall | 5.215 | 53 | 8 | 2025 |
| Judicial Independence | 8.865 | 3 | 1 | 2007 |
| Judicial Independence | 8.900 | 3 | 1 | 2008 |
| Judicial Independence | 8.333 | 14 | 1 | 2009 |
| Judicial Independence | 7.867 | 19 | 1 | 2010 |
| Judicial Independence | 8.900 | 12 | 2 | 2011 |
| Judicial Independence | 8.800 | 12 | 1 | 2012 |
| Judicial Independence | 8.400 | 15 | 2 | 2013 |
| Judicial Independence | 8.200 | 15 | 1 | 2014 |
| Judicial Independence | 7.952 | 16 | 2 | 2015 |
| Judicial Independence | 7.917 | 18 | 2 | 2016 |
| Judicial Independence | 8.520 | 14 | 1 | 2017 |
| Judicial Independence | 8.431 | 14 | 1 | 2018 |
| Judicial Independence | 8.025 | 14 | 1 | 2019 |
| Judicial Independence | 7.683 | 18 | 2 | 2020 |
| Judicial Independence | 7.683 | 18 | 2 | 2021 |
| Judicial Independence | 7.683 | 18 | 2 | 2022 |
| Judicial Independence | No Data | No Data | 2023 | |
| Judicial Independence | No Data | No Data | 2024 | |
| Judicial Independence | No Data | No Data | 2025 | |
| Rule of Law | No Data | No Data | 2007 | |
| Rule of Law | No Data | No Data | 2008 | |
| Rule of Law | 6.520 | 33 | 2 | 2009 |
| Rule of Law | 6.765 | 30 | 1 | 2010 |
| Rule of Law | 6.700 | 34 | 2 | 2011 |
| Rule of Law | 6.800 | 32 | 1 | 2012 |
| Rule of Law | 7.000 | 30 | 1 | 2013 |
| Rule of Law | 6.800 | 30 | 1 | 2014 |
| Rule of Law | 6.905 | 32 | 2 | 2015 |
| Rule of Law | 7.210 | 28 | 1 | 2016 |
| Rule of Law | 7.337 | 25 | 1 | 2017 |
| Rule of Law | 7.037 | 31 | 1 | 2018 |
| Rule of Law | 7.042 | 29 | 1 | 2019 |
| Rule of Law | 6.988 | 30 | 1 | 2020 |
| Rule of Law | 7.095 | 28 | 1 | 2021 |
| Rule of Law | 6.995 | 30 | 2 | 2022 |
| Rule of Law | 6.884 | 28 | 1 | 2023 |
| Rule of Law | 6.890 | 27 | 1 | 2024 |
| Rule of Law | 6.568 | 32 | 3 | 2025 |
| Political Stability | 2.680 | 61 | 4 | 2007 |
| Political Stability | 2.700 | 62 | 4 | 2008 |
| Political Stability | 2.600 | 100 | 10 | 2009 |
| Political Stability | 2.214 | 107 | 12 | 2010 |
| Political Stability | 2.100 | 111 | 12 | 2011 |
| Political Stability | 2.200 | 109 | 12 | 2012 |
| Political Stability | 2.400 | 111 | 10 | 2013 |
| Political Stability | 2.900 | 79 | 4 | 2014 |
| Political Stability | 2.813 | 102 | 9 | 2015 |
| Political Stability | 3.013 | 111 | 11 | 2016 |
| Political Stability | 2.951 | 114 | 12 | 2017 |
| Political Stability | 3.714 | 99 | 9 | 2018 |
| Political Stability | 3.812 | 105 | 8 | 2019 |
| Political Stability | 3.761 | 109 | 11 | 2020 |
| Political Stability | 3.777 | 104 | 9 | 2021 |
| Political Stability | 3.565 | 104 | 10 | 2022 |
| Political Stability | 3.000 | 107 | 12 | 2023 |
| Political Stability | 2.429 | 111 | 12 | 2024 |
| Political Stability | 2.418 | 116 | 12 | 2025 |
| Control of Corruption | 6.300 | 21 | 1 | 2007 |
| Control of Corruption | 6.300 | 22 | 1 | 2008 |
| Control of Corruption | 6.489 | 32 | 3 | 2009 |
| Control of Corruption | 6.748 | 33 | 3 | 2010 |
| Control of Corruption | 6.600 | 34 | 3 | 2011 |
| Control of Corruption | 6.300 | 36 | 3 | 2012 |
| Control of Corruption | 6.400 | 35 | 3 | 2013 |
| Control of Corruption | 6.700 | 29 | 1 | 2014 |
| Control of Corruption | 6.685 | 31 | 3 | 2015 |
| Control of Corruption | 6.649 | 32 | 3 | 2016 |
| Control of Corruption | 6.789 | 30 | 3 | 2017 |
| Control of Corruption | 7.119 | 26 | 2 | 2018 |
| Control of Corruption | 6.653 | 28 | 2 | 2019 |
| Control of Corruption | 6.573 | 30 | 2 | 2020 |
| Control of Corruption | 6.612 | 29 | 3 | 2021 |
| Control of Corruption | 6.132 | 40 | 3 | 2022 |
| Control of Corruption | 6.712 | 26 | 2 | 2023 |
| Control of Corruption | 6.562 | 27 | 3 | 2024 |
| Control of Corruption | 6.659 | 26 | 2 | 2025 |
| Statistic | Score | Global | Region | Year |
Israel - Physical Property Rights
| Statistic | Score | Global | Region | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 5.550 | 33 | 2 | 2007 |
| Overall | 5.500 | 36 | 2 | 2008 |
| Overall | 6.598 | 39 | 5 | 2009 |
| Overall | 6.155 | 51 | 9 | 2010 |
| Overall | 5.900 | 73 | 12 | 2011 |
| Overall | 6.500 | 47 | 9 | 2012 |
| Overall | 6.700 | 40 | 7 | 2013 |
| Overall | 6.500 | 44 | 3 | 2014 |
| Overall | 5.682 | 65 | 9 | 2015 |
| Overall | 5.815 | 62 | 9 | 2016 |
| Overall | 6.888 | 41 | 7 | 2017 |
| Overall | 7.082 | 36 | 7 | 2018 |
| Overall | 7.512 | 27 | 5 | 2019 |
| Overall | 7.501 | 26 | 6 | 2020 |
| Overall | 7.459 | 26 | 6 | 2021 |
| Overall | 6.784 | 26 | 6 | 2022 |
| Overall | 6.784 | 26 | 6 | 2023 |
| Overall | 6.784 | 26 | 6 | 2024 |
| Overall | 7.567 | 20 | 1 | 2025 |
| Perception of Physical Property Protection | 7.943 | 20 | 1 | 2007 |
| Perception of Physical Property Protection | 7.900 | 22 | 1 | 2008 |
| Perception of Physical Property Protection | 7.833 | 22 | 1 | 2009 |
| Perception of Physical Property Protection | 6.917 | 45 | 9 | 2010 |
| Perception of Physical Property Protection | 6.800 | 43 | 9 | 2011 |
| Perception of Physical Property Protection | 7.600 | 26 | 4 | 2012 |
| Perception of Physical Property Protection | 7.500 | 30 | 5 | 2013 |
| Perception of Physical Property Protection | 7.100 | 31 | 3 | 2014 |
| Perception of Physical Property Protection | 6.346 | 40 | 8 | 2015 |
| Perception of Physical Property Protection | 6.756 | 35 | 6 | 2016 |
| Perception of Physical Property Protection | 7.300 | 30 | 5 | 2017 |
| Perception of Physical Property Protection | 7.585 | 24 | 3 | 2018 |
| Perception of Physical Property Protection | 7.466 | 25 | 2 | 2019 |
| Perception of Physical Property Protection | 7.405 | 27 | 6 | 2020 |
| Perception of Physical Property Protection | 7.405 | 27 | 6 | 2021 |
| Perception of Physical Property Protection | 7.405 | 27 | 6 | 2022 |
| Perception of Physical Property Protection | 7.405 | 26 | 6 | 2023 |
| Perception of Physical Property Protection | 7.405 | 26 | 6 | 2024 |
| Perception of Physical Property Protection | 8.333 | 44 | 1 | 2025 |
| Registering Process | 2.324 | 63 | 3 | 2007 |
| Registering Process | 2.300 | 64 | 3 | 2008 |
| Registering Process | 6.128 | 93 | 7 | 2009 |
| Registering Process | 6.316 | 108 | 12 | 2010 |
| Registering Process | 6.700 | 111 | 14 | 2011 |
| Registering Process | 7.000 | 116 | 15 | 2012 |
| Registering Process | 7.800 | 93 | 10 | 2013 |
| Registering Process | 7.800 | 72 | 3 | 2014 |
| Registering Process | 7.373 | 116 | 15 | 2015 |
| Registering Process | 7.364 | 118 | 14 | 2016 |
| Registering Process | 7.254 | 100 | 15 | 2017 |
| Registering Process | 7.373 | 118 | 15 | 2018 |
| Registering Process | 8.780 | 82 | 11 | 2019 |
| Registering Process | 8.809 | 86 | 12 | 2020 |
| Registering Process | 8.809 | 86 | 12 | 2021 |
| Registering Process | No Data | No Data | 2022 | |
| Registering Process | 0.000 | 116 | 10 | 2023 |
| Registering Process | No Data | No Data | 2024 | |
| Registering Process | No Data | No Data | 2025 | |
| Access to Financing | 6.383 | 13 | 1 | 2007 |
| Access to Financing | 6.400 | 12 | 1 | 2008 |
| Access to Financing | 5.833 | 19 | 4 | 2009 |
| Access to Financing | 5.233 | 33 | 6 | 2010 |
| Access to Financing | 4.200 | 50 | 11 | 2011 |
| Access to Financing | 5.000 | 29 | 6 | 2012 |
| Access to Financing | 4.900 | 35 | 6 | 2013 |
| Access to Financing | 4.100 | 46 | 3 | 2014 |
| Access to Financing | 3.325 | 48 | 9 | 2015 |
| Access to Financing | 3.325 | 49 | 9 | 2016 |
| Access to Financing | 6.111 | 27 | 5 | 2017 |
| Access to Financing | 6.290 | 19 | 3 | 2018 |
| Access to Financing | 6.290 | 19 | 3 | 2019 |
| Access to Financing | 6.290 | 19 | 3 | 2020 |
| Access to Financing | 6.162 | 20 | 4 | 2021 |
| Access to Financing | 6.162 | 20 | 4 | 2022 |
| Access to Financing | 6.162 | 19 | 4 | 2023 |
| Access to Financing | 6.162 | 19 | 4 | 2024 |
| Access to Financing | 6.800 | 17 | 2 | 2025 |
| Statistic | Score | Global | Region | Year |
Israel - Intellectual Property Rights
| Statistic | Score | Global | Region | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 6.577 | 22 | 1 | 2007 |
| Overall | 6.600 | 22 | 1 | 2008 |
| Overall | 6.998 | 22 | 1 | 2009 |
| Overall | 6.939 | 25 | 1 | 2010 |
| Overall | 7.000 | 23 | 1 | 2011 |
| Overall | 7.300 | 21 | 1 | 2012 |
| Overall | 7.300 | 21 | 1 | 2013 |
| Overall | 7.150 | 21 | 1 | 2014 |
| Overall | 6.956 | 22 | 1 | 2015 |
| Overall | 7.219 | 21 | 1 | 2016 |
| Overall | 7.635 | 20 | 1 | 2017 |
| Overall | 7.733 | 20 | 1 | 2018 |
| Overall | 7.647 | 20 | 1 | 2019 |
| Overall | 7.606 | 20 | 1 | 2020 |
| Overall | 7.027 | 19 | 1 | 2021 |
| Overall | 7.027 | 19 | 1 | 2022 |
| Overall | 6.847 | 20 | 1 | 2023 |
| Overall | 6.847 | 20 | 1 | 2024 |
| Overall | 6.906 | 18 | 1 | 2025 |
| Perception of IP Protection | 7.464 | 18 | 1 | 2007 |
| Perception of IP Protection | 7.500 | 19 | 1 | 2008 |
| Perception of IP Protection | 6.833 | 24 | 1 | 2009 |
| Perception of IP Protection | 5.767 | 36 | 7 | 2010 |
| Perception of IP Protection | 6.000 | 39 | 8 | 2011 |
| Perception of IP Protection | 6.600 | 31 | 6 | 2012 |
| Perception of IP Protection | 6.800 | 32 | 6 | 2013 |
| Perception of IP Protection | 6.600 | 27 | 2 | 2014 |
| Perception of IP Protection | 5.952 | 32 | 6 | 2015 |
| Perception of IP Protection | 6.741 | 29 | 3 | 2016 |
| Perception of IP Protection | 7.887 | 22 | 2 | 2017 |
| Perception of IP Protection | 8.185 | 10 | 1 | 2018 |
| Perception of IP Protection | 7.725 | 19 | 2 | 2019 |
| Perception of IP Protection | 7.602 | 17 | 1 | 2020 |
| Perception of IP Protection | 7.602 | 17 | 1 | 2021 |
| Perception of IP Protection | 7.602 | 17 | 1 | 2022 |
| Perception of IP Protection | 7.602 | 16 | 1 | 2023 |
| Perception of IP Protection | 7.602 | 16 | 1 | 2024 |
| Perception of IP Protection | 7.602 | 16 | 1 | 2025 |
| Patent Protection | 8.762 | 6 | 1 | 2007 |
| Patent Protection | 8.800 | 7 | 1 | 2008 |
| Patent Protection | 8.260 | 33 | 1 | 2009 |
| Patent Protection | 8.250 | 33 | 1 | 2010 |
| Patent Protection | 8.300 | 30 | 1 | 2011 |
| Patent Protection | 8.300 | 30 | 1 | 2012 |
| Patent Protection | 8.300 | 30 | 1 | 2013 |
| Patent Protection | 7.900 | 30 | 1 | 2014 |
| Patent Protection | 7.917 | 31 | 1 | 2015 |
| Patent Protection | 7.917 | 31 | 1 | 2016 |
| Patent Protection | 7.917 | 31 | 1 | 2017 |
| Patent Protection | 7.916 | 35 | 2 | 2018 |
| Patent Protection | 7.916 | 36 | 2 | 2019 |
| Patent Protection | 7.917 | 36 | 2 | 2020 |
| Patent Protection | 6.632 | 25 | 1 | 2021 |
| Patent Protection | 6.632 | 25 | 1 | 2022 |
| Patent Protection | 6.600 | 21 | 1 | 2023 |
| Patent Protection | 6.600 | 21 | 1 | 2024 |
| Patent Protection | 6.600 | 21 | 1 | 2025 |
| Copyright Protection | 4.061 | 13 | 1 | 2007 |
| Copyright Protection | 4.100 | 14 | 1 | 2008 |
| Copyright Protection | 5.900 | 24 | 2 | 2009 |
| Copyright Protection | 6.800 | 19 | 2 | 2010 |
| Copyright Protection | 6.700 | 20 | 1 | 2011 |
| Copyright Protection | 6.900 | 17 | 1 | 2012 |
| Copyright Protection | 6.900 | 18 | 1 | 2013 |
| Copyright Protection | 6.900 | 17 | 1 | 2014 |
| Copyright Protection | 7.000 | 17 | 1 | 2015 |
| Copyright Protection | 7.000 | 17 | 1 | 2016 |
| Copyright Protection | 7.100 | 17 | 1 | 2017 |
| Copyright Protection | 7.100 | 17 | 1 | 2018 |
| Copyright Protection | 7.300 | 17 | 1 | 2019 |
| Copyright Protection | 7.300 | 17 | 1 | 2020 |
| Copyright Protection | 7.300 | 17 | 1 | 2021 |
| Copyright Protection | 7.300 | 17 | 1 | 2022 |
| Copyright Protection | 6.614 | 15 | 1 | 2023 |
| Copyright Protection | 6.614 | 16 | 1 | 2024 |
| Copyright Protection | 6.614 | 16 | 1 | 2025 |
| Trademark Protection | No Data | No Data | 2007 | |
| Trademark Protection | No Data | No Data | 2008 | |
| Trademark Protection | No Data | No Data | 2009 | |
| Trademark Protection | No Data | No Data | 2010 | |
| Trademark Protection | No Data | No Data | 2011 | |
| Trademark Protection | No Data | No Data | 2012 | |
| Trademark Protection | No Data | No Data | 2013 | |
| Trademark Protection | No Data | No Data | 2014 | |
| Trademark Protection | No Data | No Data | 2015 | |
| Trademark Protection | No Data | No Data | 2016 | |
| Trademark Protection | No Data | No Data | 2017 | |
| Trademark Protection | No Data | No Data | 2018 | |
| Trademark Protection | No Data | No Data | 2019 | |
| Trademark Protection | No Data | No Data | 2020 | |
| Trademark Protection | 6.573 | 25 | 1 | 2021 |
| Trademark Protection | 6.573 | 25 | 1 | 2022 |
| Trademark Protection | 6.573 | 25 | 1 | 2023 |
| Trademark Protection | 6.573 | 25 | 1 | 2024 |
| Trademark Protection | 6.808 | 12 | 1 | 2025 |
| Statistic | Score | Global | Region | Year |